The second part of the article analyzes the problems associated with the disposal of different types of autonomous mobile robots and determines the efficiency of their recycling. The commercial viability of recycling ground robots and the necessity of state subsidies for enterprises engaged in recycling waste from the disposal of UAVs and underwater robots have been identified. An estimate of the waste mass from the operation of a mobile robot fleet in a city with a population of 100,000 people is made. Quantitative indicators for assessing the impact of robotics waste on the environment have been determined, methods for reducing the associated negative environmental impact are proposed, and the dependence of the waste volume from the disposal of domestic and service robots on overheating during the installation of electronic control system units has been obtained. The influence of reliability indicators on the waste mass from disposal and the operating cost of UAVs has been investigated.
Based on a simple macroeconomic approximation of a production system as a system utilizing public resources, the author discusses the rules for distributing the social product among three economic entities: the group of entrepreneurs, the group of hired workers, and the government (state budget). A scheme for distributing the social product in accordance with the volumes of public resources used in production is proposed. It is shown that the proposed scheme, compared to the traditional scheme of taxing enterprise profits and personal incomes, stimulates an increase in the efficiency of using public resources and simplifies the tax collection system.
A technique for transforming pixel images to form a new type of structures – named filamentous, or thread-like, by the author – possessing the property of revealing significant features of the transformed objects, has been developed. A program in Python using the OpenCV computer vision module and the Numpy data array module, allowing for efficient processing of original pixel images and visualization of filamentous mappings formed on their basis, has also been developed. Both the principles of the developed method and the main actions performed during the execution of the program code are described. The created program is distinguished by ease of use and the ability to adjust the thread placement step. Based on the results of experiments on processing a large number of heterogeneous images and analyzing the obtained results, conclusions have been drawn and recommendations have been given regarding the prospects for applying filamentous structures in various fields of science and art. Particular attention is paid to the transformation of fractal images widespread in nature. The potential convenience of using the developed thread-like structures for improving the procedures of recognizing fuzzy images (including those using neural networks), for example, obtained from satellites, is also considered.
The purpose of this work is to analyze the first regional model of the mankind system. This model is part of a set of 28 models of mankind. The elements of these models are resources or resource groups. A small quantitative model of the entire mankind system was previously presented. By resources, we mean tools, things, qualities, and methods that can be used to achieve human goals. In our models of the mankind system, the possibilities for actions of people and mankind are included in the consideration, while social structures, as well as the impact of mankind on the environment, are excluded from consideration. A total of 26 regional models are proposed. These are models of resource groups. The article details the first regional model of the mankind system and presents a development timeline for the lifespan of the first regional model. Collectively, the regional models constitute a large model of mankind. This article is interdisciplinary in nature as it addresses issues related to complex systems and human history.
Widespread introduction of mobile robotics in various spheres of human activity
makes the problem of mass disposal of expired, outdated and faulty robots topical. When disposing of
each type of mobile robots, it is necessary to take into account peculiarities of its design, composition
of on-board equipment and take into account environmental risks in case of destruction of the robot
structure with its fragments getting into the environment. Depending on the type and purpose of
robots, their disposal and recycling have significant features. This paper analyzes the problems
associated with the disposal of different types of autonomous mobile robots. The main sources of
environmental pollution present in the components of robots: electronic components, accumulator
batteries, constructional materials, connecting cables are considered. The environmental impact of
different types of mobile robots and the prevailing types of waste during their disposal are determined.
Widespread introduction of mobile robotics in various spheres of human activity
makes the problem of mass disposal of expired, outdated and faulty robots topical. When disposing of each type of mobile robots, it is necessary to take into account peculiarities of its design, composition of on-board equipment and take into account environmental risks in case of destruction of the robot structure with its fragments getting into the environment. Depending on the type and purpose of robots, their disposal and recycling have significant features. This paper analyzes the problems associated with the disposal of different types of autonomous mobile robots. The main sources of environmental pollution present in the components of robots: electronic components, accumulator batteries, constructional materials, connecting cables are considered. The environmental impact of different types of mobile robots and the prevailing types of waste during their disposal are determined.
Widespread introduction of mobile robotics in various spheres of human activity
makes the problem of mass disposal of expired, outdated and faulty robots topical. When disposing of each type of mobile robots, it is necessary to take into account peculiarities of its design, composition of on-board equipment and take into account environmental risks in case of destruction of the robot structure with its fragments getting into the environment. Depending on the type and purpose of robots, their disposal and recycling have significant features. This paper analyzes the problems associated with the disposal of different types of autonomous mobile robots. The main sources of environmental pollution present in the components of robots: electronic components, accumulator batteries, constructional materials, connecting cables are considered. The environmental impact of different types of mobile robots and the prevailing types of waste during their disposal are determined.
Widespread introduction of mobile robotics in various spheres of human activity
makes the problem of mass disposal of expired, outdated and faulty robots topical. When disposing of each type of mobile robots, it is necessary to take into account peculiarities of its design, composition of on-board equipment and take into account environmental risks in case of destruction of the robot structure with its fragments getting into the environment. Depending on the type and purpose of robots, their disposal and recycling have significant features. This paper analyzes the problems associated with the disposal of different types of autonomous mobile robots. The main sources of environmental pollution present in the components of robots: electronic components, accumulator batteries, constructional materials, connecting cables are considered. The environmental impact of different types of mobile robots and the prevailing types of waste during their disposal are determined.
The following goals were set within the scientific work: to create a method, an
algorithm and a program for compression of raster (pixel) graphic information using special
mathematical methods, or affine transformations. The main task was to provide a high degree of image compression with a minimum deterioration of image quality. An original method for replacing a large number of pixel blocks in the source image by a relatively small number of the most suitable specially created domain blocks was developed. Affine transformation consists in moving any domain block from a set to any part of the image, while ensuring maximum similarity of source and domain blocks.
To implement the method, an algorithm and a program in the modern and popular Python language have been developed. We have considered the example of image transformation in grayscale of 256x256 pixels using domain blocks created from 4x4 pixel image areas. The result is an image visually indistinguishable from the original image, which requires only 0.3125 of the original information to describe. Calculations were also performed with a smaller number of domain blocks.
The developed method and program proved a high degree of compression of bitmap images with preservation of their quality. It is possible to further improve the described algorithm and the program presented on the author’s site by simultaneous application of different types of affine transformations.
It is shown that the same method can be used not only for image processing, but also for the detection of similarity (fractal properties) in any flow of information.
This paper analyzes artificial acoustical impact inside natural clouds, in particular inside the non-precipitated stratiform clouds, non-precipitating shallow cumulus clouds, and Cu-clouds with drizzle. Optimal power and frequency for acoustical impact were indicated based on properties of natural cloud, such as liquid water content, droplet concentrations, and the average diameter size of a droplet ensemble followed by lognormal or gamma size distributions in the presented consideration. The model is constructed to ensure collisions of neighboring droplets when they vibrate in acoustical field to merge with mass unification, but the process is designed with a minimum required level of acoustic power for comfort realization in practice. Vibration model of suspended droplets with typical size in cloud is analyzed. The optimized acoustic power is near 130 dB, and frequency f 50 – 100 Hz, and detailed characteristics are indicated for each cloud type depending on their parameters. Simple formulas and typical calculations for droplet amplitude are presented in terms of parameters of acoustical field as well as cloud characteristics. The first low-frequency acoustic experiments for clouds are performed and presented. The low-frequency method has shown a promising potential to be used for precipitation enhancement to tackle water shortage problem in the modern world.
Regularities of a production system development are discussed on the basis of the notion that progress in human economic activity is related to advances in the technological use of human effort and energy sources, which are regarded as the most important societal production resources. The concept of substitutive work of equipment P is introduced, which in all respects is equivalent to the efforts of people in production; it can be considered a service of capital, and is regarded as a value-forming factor, along with the traditional production factors. System output (value production) is defined as a function of three variables, two of which are: labour L and substitutive work P, are regarded as active sources of value, which allows us to introduce an energy measure of value, while physical capital K, as a production factor, plays a passive role. Under the assumption that the production system seeks to use all available social resources defined by circumstances external to the system, equations for production factors are formulated; they are also accompanied by equations for the technological characteristics of production equipment. The trajectory of the system development is determined by the characteristics of the system itself and the availability of social resources, which cannot be used completely simultaneously, which leads to a change of modes of development and fluctuations in output, i.e. business cycles. Using the example of the U.S. economy, it is demonstrated that the system of equations is able to describe the observed trajectory of development and output of the production system.
A simple explanation of the most mysterious classical mechanics and theoretical physics concepts - inertial and non-inertial reference systems, the forces of inertia, the motion of bodies by inertia on the basis of a simple vortex model of solids and D’Alembert’s paradox, as well as on the equilibrium conditions of incompressible fluid and the principle of attached masses for potential flows are proposed. A new interpretation of Newton’s three laws is presented on the basis of the resulting model.